Permanent wave mandrel



Alug. 7, 1945. .,A. A. CALABR K 2,381,107

` ERMANEN'IWAVE MANDREL Filed April `6, 1944 aaa/#sway me):

Patented Aug. '#7, 1.945

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PERMANENT WAVE Mammal.

Anthony A. Calabro, New Haven. Conn. Application April 6, 1944, Serial No. 529,195 (ci. lisz- 42) Y Claims.

This invention relates to a novel and improved permanent wave mandrel, that is, a device ex pressly adapted for use in producing so-called cold permanent Waving" or finger waving,as

. the'case may be, the same embodying an absorbent pad to be saturated with a suitable hair curling lotion or solution.

Generally speaking, the device is unique in that it differs from others of similar or kindred char? acter and that the hair is curled upon the same, is suspended so that penetration of the lotion or solution used in imparting a permanent or finger-wave to the hairI comes not only from the surface, or top as in known types, but from all sides.

Stated moreV specically, the preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized by a A rigid mandrel of appropriate dimensions and mascription and the accompanying illustrative drawing, 'Y

In the drawing, wherein like .numerals are nent wave mandrel constructed in accordance with the specific structural principles of the instant invention, this view showing the wrapping cord loose and the pad still unwound.

Figure 2\is a View `like Figure 1 showingthe pad wound or reeled in place and the wrapping cord laced and anchored to produce the desired Figure 3 is an enlarged central cross-sectional view of the arrangement seen in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an endviewoi' the mandrel per se with the pad and cords removed.

The mandrel per se may be of any rigid'material such as metal, wood, plastic, or whatever l.' composition is found to be appropriate and suitable for usage and. varying and lother requirevemployed to designate like parts throughout the same:

Figure 1 is 'an elevational view of a permaments and conditions.l It may range in dimenn sions from less than .'oneinch to lmore six inches, and may be. in diameter, one-fourth ot an inch to more than two inches. Essentially, however, 'it is an elongated body characterized by a. reduced central shank 5 provided with enlarged cylindrical heads 6 at opposite outer ends'. As brought out in Figure 4, the heads are provided with intersecting kerfs or notches 1 and 8 providing a cruciform or equivalent arrangement'of keepers for the free end portion of the wrapping cord or string 9. The absorbent pad, generally of gauze, is of usual rectangular form and dimensions and is denoted by the numeral iii. In prac-- tice, this pad may be of any thickness or gauge and made of cotton, silk, linen, ilber, or any equivalent absorbent material. In the instant situation the pad may be said to be of gauze and it isprovlded at one end with a cross-hem Il defining a pocket. The pocketed end of the pad is anchored or attached to the mandrel by way of a cord or equivalent loop I2. That is to say, a piece of cord is formed into a loop to provide longitudinal or parallel runs I3 and il, the end portions of the loop being seated in the adjacent kerfs in the heads 6. 'Ihe free ends of the cord are knotted or` tied together as at I5. 'I'he stretch or run Il passes through the pocket Il and in this manner fastens thepocketed end of the pad through the mandrel opposite to the reduced shank portion 5. It is thus in position for winding or coiling. A separate cord or an extension of the same cord as that already indicated is the wrapping cord 9. As brought out in Figure 3, one portion of this may be extended through the pocket il to reinforce the structure.

thus leaving the remaining or remainder of the cord free to be laced and wrapped back and forth fas shown in the finished arrangement in Figure 2. The use oi' the series oi' kerfs at opposite ends makes it possible to lace the cord uniformly and to thus cage-in the pad and strands of hair, in an obvious manner. It is not the purpose of the instant description to cover the technique or to illustrate every phasein a step-by-step manner. I am here concerned primarily with the constructionof the mandrel, the manner of attaching the pad 'by a cord loop or the like to the mandrel and a free wrapping cord which can n whole, wound, curl', is secured in place by passing the string 8. which is attached to the mandrel, back'and forth and anchoring it in the desired kerfs or slots. This completes the operation. generally speaking.

It is thought that persons skilled in the art to which the invention relates will be able to obtain a clear understanding of the invention after. considering the description in connection with the drawing. Therefore, a more lengthy description is regarded as unnecessary. y

Minor changes in the shape, 812e and arrange'- ment of details coming within the ileld of invention claimed may be resorted to in actual practice, if desired.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

l. In a permanent wave device of the class described, a rigid mandrel having a central reduced portion and cylindrical heads at opposite outer ends of said reduced portion, said heads having circumferentiallyspaced keeper notches formed therein, a cord looped and fastened on the mandrel with its runs parallel to the reduced portion, a pad having a hem forming a pocket, ss'id hem being secured to one of said loop runs,l and a freely laceable cord attached to said mandrel and cooperable with the keeper notches.

2. In a permanent cold and finger wave curler of the class described, a mandrel having a central reduced portion and cylindrical heads at opposite outer ends of said reduced portion. said heads having keeper notches formed therein, a cord tautly strung and fastened on the mandrel with its runs parallel to and spaced from said reduced portion, a fabric pad secured to one of said runs,

and a freely laceable cord attached to said mandrel and cooperable with the keeper notches.

3. ,In a permanent cold and finger wave curler of the class described, a wooden mandrel having relatively enlarged heads at its opposite outerA ends and having its intermediate portion between said heads reduced in diameter and of general concave form, longitudinally extending cords arranged at circumferentially spaced points around the mandrel and attached to the heads of the mandrel, the intermediate lengths of said cords spanning the central reduced portion ofthe mandrel and being spaced therefrom, said cords constituting resilient foundation elements 4around which the hair is coiled, and serving as cushioning means Vand means for `spacing the hair,

whereby to permit the waving solution to be uniformly distributed and to permeate the windings.

4. In a permanent cold and linger wave curler of the class described, a mandrel having a central reduced portion'of cylindrical cross sectional form and heads somewhat enlarged at its outer ends, an absorbent hair winding and curling pad, said pad being adapted to distribute the waving solution to cause it to permeate the hair windings, the convolutions of the pad intervening between the hair windings, and means for yieldably attaching the inner end of the pad to the reduced portion of the mandrel and, at the same time, spacing said inner end from the mandrel, said means constituting the foundation around which the pad is wound. to provide the desired cushioning effect for the pad and to space said pad and hair windings from the mandrel.

5. In a permanent cold and linger wave curler of the class described, a mandrel having a central reduced portion and cylindrical heads at its opposite ends, circumferentially spaced longitudihair - nally extending strands of cord attached to the .its convolutions from the mandrel and to provide a resilient foundation for the winding of the pad and hair, and a free cord mounted on said mandrel said free cord being adapted to serve as a retainer to hold the pad wound and the windings of the hair securely in Place.

ANTHONY A. ycsnlumo. 

